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Resources for tracing your Family Tree and Ancestry History of Plymouth Plantation 1620-1647, Vol 2, by William Bradford History of Plymouth Plantation 1620-1647, Vol 2, by William Bradford History of Plymouth Plantation 1620-1647 by William Bradford. This printing from 1912, by th Massachusetts Historical Society. Volume 1 and Volume 2 . CLICK HERE FOR THIS RESOURCE Category: Places: Cost: FREE Find it on Archive.org Find it on OpenLibrary.org Find it on FamilySearch.org Find it on GoogleBooks Find it on HeritageQuest* *HeritageQuest is free but you must be logged in to access the material. Click here for more information . BACK TO GENEALOGY DASHBOARD

Resources for tracing your Family Tree and Ancestry History of the First Baptist Church, Mount Vernon, New York History of the First Baptist Church, Mount Vernon, New York, by Taylor, Frank R. CLICK HERE FOR THIS RESOURCE Category: Places: Cost: Free Find it on Archive.org Find it on OpenLibrary.org Find it on FamilySearch.org Find it on GoogleBooks Find it on HeritageQuest* *HeritageQuest is free but you must be logged in to access the material. Click here for more information . BACK TO GENEALOGY DASHBOARD

1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 Continue Alonzo Leonard of Yorkshire, Cattaraugus, New York (ID: 10033) Continue In 1830 there were 2 people in Alonzo Leonard's home in Yorkshire. Transcribed as Alepye Leonard on the 1830 Census. 1830 Census Details: 0 male(s) age 100+, born in or bef. 1731. 0 female(s) age 100+, born in or bef. 1731. 0 male(s) age 90-99, born bet. 1730-1740. 0 female(s) age 90-99, born bet. 1730-1740. 0 male(s) age 80-89, born bet. 1740-1750. 0 female(s) age 80-89, born bet. 1740-1750. 0 male(s) age 70-79, born bet. 1750-1760. 0 female(s) age 70-79, born bet. 1750-1760. 0 male(s) age 60-69, born bet. 1760-1770. 0 female(s) age 60-69, born bet. 1760-1770. 0 male(s) age 50-59, born bet. 1770-1780. 0 female(s) age 50-59, born bet. 1770-1780. 0 male(s) age 40-49, born bet. 1780-1790. 0 female(s) age 40-49, born bet. 1780-1790. 0 male(s) age 30-39, born bet. 1790-1800. 0 female(s) age 30-39, born bet. 1790-1800. 1 male(s) age 20-29, born bet. 1800-1810. 1 female(s) age 20-29, born bet. 1800-1810. 0 male(s) age 15-19, born bet. 1810-1815. 0 female(s) age 15-19, born bet. 1810-1815. 0 male(s) age 10-14, born bet. 1815-1820. 0 female(s) age 10-14, born bet. 1815-1820. 0 male(s) age 5-9, born bet. 1820-1825. 0 female(s) age 5-9, born bet. 1820-1825. 0 male(s) age 0-4, born bet. 1825-1830. 0 female(s) age 0-4, born bet. 1825-1830. View Profile Identified Save Your content has been submitted Leonard Index Edit Person Notes Notes People in the home in 1830 People in the home Sources Sources Help us out! Are you researching this Alonzo Leonard? Share information you've found here! Check these out! A review of other Leonards found in this county is shown below. You can also filter the list to show all persons sharing the name. Show only persons in NY named Alonzo Leonard Show all Leonards in Cattaraugus County Sort by Name Sort by Town Finding Leonards in this county in 1790... Finding this name in NY in 1790... Finding Leonards in this county in 1800... Finding this name in NY in 1800... Finding Leonards in this county in 1810... Finding this name in NY in 1810... Finding Leonard in this county in 1820... Finding this name in NY in 1820... Finding Leonards in this county in 1830... Finding this name in NY in 1830... Finding Leonards in this county in 1840... Finding this name in NY in 1840... An error occurred. Try again later

In the past, I've researched and shared passenger lists of those who came to the Plymouth Bay Colony on The Mayflower in 1620, The Fortune in 1621, and The Anne & Little James in 1623, but there were several other English and Dutch settlements in America prior to the Pilgrims' arrival. The first attempt at establishing the first permanent English settlement in North America was led by Sir Walter Raleigh in 1585. Called the Roanoke Colony , on Roanoke Island, a part of what is now North Carolina. The entire community mysteriously vanished by 1590. Another unsuccessful attempt was made by the Plymouth Company in 1607, at what is now Maine, called the Popham Colony. The settlers who didn’t die abandoned the settlement within 14 months. Meanwhile, the proprietors of the London Company set out to establish a colony at Jamestown, in what is now Virginia, in 1606. The ships Susan Constant, Discovery, and Godspeed, carrying about 600 people, took a four month voyage to the place they called Cape Henry, arriving on April 26, 1607. They arrived in the middle of a severe drought and too late in the season to plant crops. They lacked fresh water suitable for drinking and the land was swampy and infested with mosquitoes. Making matters worse, many of the men were gentlemen, unaccustomed to the hard physical labor necessary to build a colony. For these reasons, about two-thirds of the settlers died within the first two years from starvation, disease and warfare with nearby native tribes. There were only about 200 people left in the colony in 1608 when Capt. Christopher Newport brought the First and Second Supply missions with supplies and more settlers, including German and Polish craftsmen. The following year, in June of 1609, the Third Supply launched from Plymouth, England, destined for Jamestown. The 300-ton Sea Venture was the flagship of a seven-ship fleet towing two additional pinnaces and carrying 500 to 600 people and supplies. The passenger list is shown below. On July 24, 1609, the fleet ran into a strong storm, possibly a hurricane, and Sea Venture was separated from the fleet. The storm ravaged the ship for three days and caused severe leaking inside the ship. After a week of struggling to stay afloat, they finally spotted land, and aimed for the marshy shores of Bermuda, which was uninhabited at the time. Approximately 150 people were stranded there for the next 9 months. The Sea Venture is featured on Bermuda Stamps in the early 1900s. You can find these collectible stamps on Amazon or Ebay. Excerpt from "Stamps and Ships", by James Watson, 1959 ( Link ): While stranded in Bermuda, they utilized salvaged parts from the Sea Venture , along with local timber and natural resources to construct two boats, the Patience and Deliverance , to proceed with their voyage to Virginia. Many of the people preferred to stay at Bermuda, after hearing of the hardships at Jamestown, but they were forced to continue there anyway. (Source: Kelly, Joseph (2019). "How the Survivor of a 1609 Shipwreck Brought Democracy to America: Stephen Hopkins, Colonist at Both Jamestown and Plymouth, Proposed a Government Based on Consent of the Governed"). Three men are known to have stayed on the island but 137 passengers and crew set sail for Virginia on May 10, 1610, arriving at the Jamestown settlement on the 23rd, a journey of 13 days. It is said that upon arrival they found only 60 people survived, and they all boarded the ships to return to England, defeated. On their way down the James River, however, they met with Baron De La Warre (Lord Delaware), who was arriving with another fleet, food, supplies, and a doctor. He was able to convince the settlers to stay at Jamestown. They weren't out of the woods yet, though. It is said that 80% of the settlers at Jamestown died in the Sickness of 1610. Jamestown served as the colonial capital from 1616 until 1699, when Williamsburg (2.5 miles from Jamesburg) was made the capital. Did you have an ancestor who came to America on the Sea Venture? Feel free to share in the comments below! Also, if you can find a commemorative copy of the Sea Venture Passenger List on Etsy or Amazon . ( Print the downloadable copy yourself today on Etsy ). Use it to reflect on their journey and share their epic story! Known Passengers of the Sea Venture: Christopher Newport Sir George Somers Henry Ravens Robert Frobisher Rev Richard Bucke Robert Walsingham Henry Bagwell Nicholas Bennit William Brian Jeffrey Briars Christopher Carter Edward Chard Joseph Chard Baby Bermuda Eason Edward Eason Mistress Eason Sir Thomas Gates Thomas Godby George Grave William Hitchman Stephen Hopkins Mistress Horton Elizabeth Joons Samuel Jordan Silvester Jourdain Richard Knowles Miss Langley Richard Lewis John Lytefoote William Martin Henry Paine Francis Pearepoint Elizabeth Persons William Pierce Thomas Powell John Proctor Humfrey Reede Robert Rich Bermuda Rolfe John Rolfe Mistress Rolfe Edward Samuel Samuel Sharpe Mr Henry Shelly Matthew Somers  William Strachney James Swift John Want Edward Waters Robert Waters Thomas Whittingham Sir George Yeardley Namantack Machumps & Others See also: " The Great Migration - Colonial America " Wikipedia: Sea Venture Wikipedia: Jamestown, Virginia

2020 marked 400 years since the Mayflower's famous landing at Plymouth Rock. Today millions of descendants of those brave and industrious pioneers live in every part of the country and elsewhere, despite only 56 of them having descendants. Their names are immortalized in the annals of American history. ( See my Mayflower database with bios and illustrations here ). The next group to arrive, however, we don't hear much about. "The Fortune", carrying 35 new-comers to the colony, caused quite a stir when it appeared off Cape Cod unexpectedly on November 9, 1621. At the first sighting of the ship, both the colonists and the Native Americans were on high alert, suspecting the ship of being a threat as it sat off shore for over a week, reluctant to proceed. The colonists readied the cannons while the ship's passengers contemplated returning to England. They finally proceeded to Plymouth Bay in late November and the colonists were relieved to see it was an English ship. Surely they hoped the ship carried at least some provisions to supplement their dangerously low storehouses as another brutal winter approached, but instead they received 35 passengers, nearly all male, with very little provisions or supplies. The new-comers were equally disappointed that the colony consisted of just seven houses and four common (public) buildings. Perhaps they expected the Pilgrim's would have made more progress in their first year, obviously unaware of the many challenges they faced. The colony's eleven structures would have to be shared by 82 people until new homes could be built. There were now more mouths to feed and not enough food to go around, which caused everyone concern, but there were now more strong, healthy workmen to help build the colony, and that they did. Most of the Fortune's passengers were young men recruited by Thomas Weston and the London Merchant Adventurers. Following is a list of known passengers aboard The Fortune: John Adams William & Elizabeth Bassett William Beale Jonathan Brewster Clement Briggs Edward Bompasse John Cannon William Conner Robert Cushman Thomas Cushman Stephen Deane Phillipe de la Noye Thomas Flavel & son Mr. Ford Mrs. Martha Ford John Ford Robert Hicks William Hilton Benedict Morgan Thomas Morton Augustine Nicolas William Palmer William Pitt Thomas Prence Moses Simonson Hugh Stacie James Steward William Tench John Winslow William Wright Get your 8"x10" copy of this commemorative passenger list poster on Amazon ! Click here for a timeline and summary of colonial immigration . Click here to learn more about the Mayflower voyage & passengers and Plymouth Colony . Click here for thousands of free genealogy resources . Click here to subscribe for updates! It's free ! #genealogy #immigration #america #colonial #colonists #plymouth #plymouthcolony #fortune

Early settlement of the English and Europeans in America was only made after several failed attempts starting as early as 1584. These were ambitious men who petitioned for the necessary charters, giving them permission to explore or occupy new colonies. The brave men landed their ships on the shores of an unknown land, facing many potential threats. Hostility from the native people, wild animals, and inclement weather were a few of the major obstacles they faced. They left the safety and conveniences of their well established cities and boarded wooden vessels sailing across the waters of the mighty Atlantic Ocean for a chance at a better life. The first few attempts, which failed, were business ventures. The colony lost at Roanoke in 1584, for example, consisted of men in search of silver and gold - a hope which was dashed when they found none. They had such a rough time that they retreated back to England empty-handed. The next year another group sent to Roanoke vanished completely. The next attempts were in 1607 when the Popham Colony in Maine came and went and another group arrived at Jamestown (Virginia). After suffering many losses Jamestown finally started to gain stability in 1610. The groups that came after were mostly Puritans, Pilgrims, Baptists, Protestants and Quakers - all Christian denominations. They were seeking life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness - God given rights, the reformers proclaimed, quoting scripture. What a vision and what a tremendous accomplishment to have laid the foundations for exactly what they had hoped and prayed for. Four centuries later, America continues to prosper, blessed with more luxury and freedom than any of the "First Comers" could have hoped for. In hindsight, let us not forgot the example they sought to make, as evidence for all the world to see how greatly blessed a nation that honored and obeyed God and His Word would be, and warning that God would turn his back on a nation that turned it's back on him. Known attempts by the English and Dutch at settling North America, with a summary of their expeditions. Source information is listed below. Your comments, corrections, or additions are welcome in the comments below. This page may be updated periodically as new resources are discovered. You will be able to find it in the Immigrants to America category in Free Genealogy Resources . 1584 | The Lost Colony of Roanoke (North Carolina) In June of 1584, Sir Walter Raleigh sent two ships across the Atlantic in search of land England could claim. They landed on Roanoke Island off the coast of North Carolina and found it suitable for conquest and colonization, so Queen Elizabeth granted permission for about 100 men to sail over to form a colony. The group failed and returned to England within a year. Raleigh gathered another group of 120 men, women, and children willing to try again. The ship dropped them off and returned to England for supplies but when they returned to Roanoke, the settlement was in ruins and there was no sign of the colonists. The names of these lost colonists can be found here . 1607 | Jamestown (Virginia) The first permanent English settlement in the New World was organized by a group of entrepreneurs, "The Virginia Company of London", who sent three ships to "James Fort" (present-day Jamestown, Virginia), arriving on May 13, 1607, under the command of Capt. Christopher Newport. The smallest ship, "Discovery", was left behind for the group's use, led by Captain John Smith. The group consisted of 104 men and boys. Captain Newport went back to England and returned to Jamestown to deliver 100 new settlers in January of 1608. To his disappointment, he found that only 38 of the 104 men and boys survived and, to make matters worse, one of the new arrivals accidentally started a fire that destroyed the entire colony's living quarters. Captain Newport went back to England again in April of 1608 and returned that October with eight German and Polish settlers and the first two women, Mistress Forrest and Anne Burras, her maid. Then, on June 2, 1609, Capt. Newport commanded the flagship "Sea Venture" and eight other ships full of supplies and 500 new settlers destined for the Virginia Colony. The convoy was split up when a severe three-day storm wreaked havoc on the seas. Many supplies were lost and one ship returned to England, but 200-300 settlers made it to Jamestown. The Sea Venture, however, was shipwrecked off Bermuda. Some of them attempted to sail Sea Venture's longboat to Virginia, but were never seen again. Other survivors on Bermuda salvaged parts of the Sea Venture to build two smaller ships, Deliverance and Patience. Under the command of Sir Thomas Gate and Sir George Somers, they sailed successfully to Jamestown, arriving on May 23, 1610. Expecting to find a thriving settlement of about 500 people, they were shocked to find only about 60 remained and many of those were sick or dying. On June 7, 1610, the remaining settlers boarded the ship with the intention of returning to England. As they sailed down the James River, they were intercepted by Lord Delaware and three ships bound for Jamestown, containing supplies, food, colonists, and a doctor. They were ordered to return to their settlement at Jamestown on June 9, 1610. With renewed hope and supplies, they were able to build the foundations for a successful colony. In 1699, however, the colonial capital was moved to Williamsburg, bringing and end to the settlement at Jamestown, which to this day remains an archaeological site and historic park. It wasn't until August of 1619 that a ship containing 20 of the first African slaves from Angola arrived near Jamestown. 1607 | Popham Colony (Maine) Later in 1607, the Virginia Company of Plymouth attempted to establish The Popham Colony (or Sagadahoc Colony) in present day Phippsburg, Maine. The colony was abandoned after one year, but it was there that the first ship built by the English in the New World was made. The ship, "Virginia of Sagadahoc", was one of the nine ships led by Capt. Newport in the flagship Sea Venture during the fateful and stormy voyage of 1609. 1609 | Exploration of the Hudson River (New York) In 1609, the Dutch East India Company of Amsterdam commissioned Henry Hudson to explore in search of a Northeast Passage around Russia and Scandinavia whereby trade between Asia and Europe would be easier than it was in the dangerous waters off the coasts of Africa. In the Flyboat "Halve Maen", Hudson was forced to turn around when arctic ice blocked his path. Undeterred, he opted to try to find a Northwest Passage and before long, he was exploring the east coast of America. He entered into the Narrows, which had been discovered in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, and continued into Upper New York Bay and northward up the river that is named after him to this day, the Hudson River. 1613 | New Netherland (New York City) The Dutch established a settlement in present-day New York City as early as 1613. The Dutch Colony of New Netherland was founded by the Dutch West India Company in 1621 and became a province of the Dutch Republic in 1624. Thirty families came over on the ship New Netherland , landing at Governor's Island and Fort Orange in May of 1624. Then, in June of 1625, another 45 people arrived. They were primarily Walloons and French Huguenots and 11 of them were African slaves or indentured servants. There was little contact between New Englanders and New Netherlanders during the first decades of settlement. In 1664, four English frigates appeared in New Amsterdam's harbor, demanding surrender. After crippling losses in the Indian Wars, surrender came easy. Nine years later though, in August of 1673, a 21-ship fleet of Dutch ships recaptured New Netherland, only to finally cede it to the English in November of 1674 with the Treaty of Westminster. At the time, there were 7,000-8,000 people in New Netherland and only half of them were Dutch. They were mostly European colonists, American Indians and African slaves. Note: New Amsterdam refers to the southern tip of Manhattan. It was the capital and seat of New Netherland's colonial government from 1625 until 1664, when the English conquered the Dutch and renamed it New York City. 1620 | Plymouth Colony (Massachusetts) The first English settlement in New England took place in 1620 when the Pilgrims of the Leiden Congregation and London Merchant Adventurers crossed the Atlantic on the Mayflower and formed the Plymouth Colony at Plymouth, Massachusetts. See my interactive Mayflower database and illustrations here . The second ship to arrive was the Fortune in 1621 , followed by the Anne & Little James in 1623 . 1623 | Nantasket Beach Located on a peninsula southeast of Boston is Nantasket Beach, in the town of Hull, Massachusetts. In 1623/24, Roger Conant, arrived from London to the Plymouth Colony, but soon after, he moved with his family to Nantasket. About a year later, the Conants moved again, this time up to Cape Ann, discussed next. 1623/24 | Cape Ann (Massachusetts) "The Essex Colony" at Cape Ann was attempted in 1623. The region had been mapped in 1609 by explorer, John Smith (1580-1631), after he helped establish the settlement at Jamestown, Virginia. The books and maps Smith printed inspired and encouraged settlement in New England in the years following. In 1623, two ships carrying 32 people with the Dorchester Company, led by John Tylly and Thomas Gardner arrived to start a fishing plantation. Cape Ann lies in Essex County, about 47 miles from Plymouth Colony by sea, or 83 miles by land. Disputes over patents arose between the settlers at Cape Ann and those at Plymouth, resulting in the Dorchester Company relocating to Naumkeag (Salem) and some returning to England. After this attempt, some of the investors formed the Massachusetts Bay Company. Roger Conant was governor of Naumkeag until Endicott's group arrived in 1628. From Wikipedia: "According to the Essex Institute, the list of old planters, in 1626, who were in Cape Ann before the move were as follows: Roger Conant - Governor, John Lyford - Minister (went to Virginia, instead of Naumkeag), John Woodbury, Humphrey Woodbury, John Balch, Peter Palfray, Walter Knight, William Allen, Thomas Gray, John Tylly, Thomas Gardner, Richard Norman (and his son), William Jeffrey, and Capt. William Trask". 1624 | New Amsterdam (Manhattan, NYC) The Walloons were natives of the County of Hainaut, Belgium. Feeling unwelcome in Holland, they requested permission to settle in Virginia in 1621, while it was under British control, but their request was denied. Next they petitioned the Dutch West India Company for permission to settle in Dutch-controlled New Amsterdam, a request that was granted. They left Holland in March of 1624 and landed in New York on May 20, 1624. The One World Observatory allows you to see what Manhattan looked like when they arrived . See The Walloon Settlers , and the Netherland Monument here. 1628-1629 | Salem (Massachusetts) A group of about 50 Puritans led by John Endicott left England aboard the ship, "Abigail", in June of 1628. They arrived at present-day Salem, then called "Naumkeag", after a local Indian tribe which had been virtually exterminated by war with another local tribe and a plague. The name of Naumkeag was changed to Salem in 1629. This was the first successful attempt at settlement by the Massachusetts Bay Company. Endicott served as governor and in other elected positions until his death, which occurred in 1664. He upheld strict Puritan values and was a Separatist opposed to the Anglican church. Another group of six ships sent by the Massachusetts Bay Company, and carrying about 350 Puritans led by Francis Higginson arrived on June 29, 1629, and formed a settlement at Salem. They also brought hundreds of cows, horses, goats, oxen, and rabbits. The six ships were: Talbot, George Bonaventure, Lyon's Whelp, Four Sisters, Mayflower ( not the Plymouth Pilgrim's ship by the same name), and the Pilgrim, which carried supplies only. A small group of settlers led by John Endicott welcomed them at the harbor. There were only six houses in Salem at the time. A portion of Higginson's diary can be found here . A list of residents in Salem up to the year 1651 is available at winthropsociety.com . 1630-1631 | Boston (Massachusetts) After Higginson's group landed successfully, another convoy of 11 ships led by John Winthrop arrived in the summer of 1630. The ships were: the Flagship Arabella, Talbot, Ambrose, Jewel, Mayflower (again, not the Plymouth Pilgrim's ship by the same name), Whale, Success, Charles, William and Francis, Hopewell, and Trial. Six other ships arrived in 1630, one presumably the "John and Mary" led by Capt. John Underhill . The Massachusetts Bay Company is said to have transported 20,000 colonists and settlers to the New World through the 1630s. See The Winthrop Fleet for more details. The ship Lyon arrived near Boston on Feb. 5, 1631. On board was Roger Williams, a radical Puritan and proponent of separation of church and state. He was banished from Massachusetts for his radical views and he and his followers left and settled Providence, Rhode Island, in 1636. It became a sanctuary for religious dissidents. Williams's patent for the colony of Providence Plantations was obtained in 1644. More details can be found here . God requireth not an uniformity of Religion to be inacted and inforced in any civill state…true civility and Christianity may both flourish in a state or Kingdome, notwithstanding the permission of divers and contrary consciences, either of Jew or Gentile. - Roger Williams, The Bloudy Tenent of Persecution, for Cause of Conscience, Discussed in a Conference Between Truth and Peace , 1644. 1632 | Baltimore (Maryland) George Calvert arrived in Jamestown in the autumn of 1629. Being Catholic, Calvert and his family were not welcome and sought a settlement elsewhere. Although he had died in April of 1632, Lord Baltimore's charter granting him permission to establish a colony on either side of the Chesapeake Bay, in present day Maryland, was granted five weeks after his death, in June of 1632. His son, Cecil, inherited the land which became a place of refuge for Catholics. Click here to find free Immigration resources. Click here for thousands of free genealogy resources . Sources: Collections of the Massachusetts Historical Society, Vol. IX, p. 205; Chronological Table. [ Link ] Popham Colony [ Wikipedia ] Starving Time [ Wikipedia ] Jamestown, Virginia [ Wikipedia ] New Netherland [ Wikipedia ] Cape Ann [ Wikipedia ] Massachusetts Bay Colony [ Wikipedia ] John Endecott [ Wikipedia ] Francis Higginson [ Wikipedia ] Roger Conant [ Wikipedia ] Cape Ann [ Wikipedia ] Old Planters [ Wikipedia ] The Life of Francis Higginson, First Minister in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, by Thomas Higginson, 1891, p. 69. [ Link ] #immigration #greatmigration #earlysettlers #newengland #shiprecords #genealogy #america #underhill #mayo #decker #dickinson #CaptJohnUnderhill #colonial